immersion plating.

Depositing a metallic coating on a metal immersed in a liquid solution, without the aid of an external electric current. Also called dip plating.

 

immunity.

A state of resistance to corrosion or anodic dissolution of a metal caused by thermodynamic stability of the metal.

 

impingement corrosion.

A form of erosion-corrosion generally associated with the local impingement of a high-velocity. Flowing fluid against a solid surface.

 

impressed current.

Direct current supplied by a device employing a power source external to the electrode system of a cathodic protection installation.

 

inclusions.

Particles of foreign material in a metallic matrix. The particles are usually compounds (such as oxides, sulfides, or silicates), but may be of any substance that is foreign to (and essentially insoluble in) the matrix.

 

incubation period.

A period prior to the detection of corrosion while the metal is in contact with a corrodent.

 

industrial atmosphere.

An atmosphere in an area of heavy industry with soot, fly ash, and sulfur compounds as the principal constituents.

 

inert anode.

An anode that is insoluble in the electrolyte under the conditions prevailing in the electrolysis.

 

inhibitor.

A chemical substance or combination of substances that, when present in the environment, prevents or reduces corrosion without significant reaction with the components of the environment.

 

inorganic.

Being or composed of matter other than hydrocarbons and their derivatives, or matter that is not of plant or animal origin. Contrast with organic.

 

inorganic zinc-rich paint.

Coating containing a zinc powder pigment in an inorganic vehicle.

 

intensiostatic.

See galvanostatic.

 

intercrystalline corrosion.

See intergranular corrosion.

 

intercrystalline cracking.

See intergranular cracking.

 

interdendritic corrosion.

Corrosive attack that progresses preferentially along interdendritic paths. This type of attack results from local differences in composition, such as coring commonly encountered in alloy castings.

 

intergranular.

Between crystals or grains. Also called intercrystalline. Contrast with transgranular.

 

intergranular corrosion.

Corrosion occurring preferentially at grain boundaries, usually with slight or negligible attack on the adjacent grains. Also called intercrystalline corrosion.

 

intergranular cracking.

Cracking or fracturing that occurs between the grains or crystals in a polycrystalline aggregate. Also called intercrystalline cracking. Contrast with transgranular cracking.

 

intergranular fracture.

Brittle fracture of a metal in which the fracture is between the grains, or crystals, that form the metal. Also called intercrystalline fracture. Contrast with transgranular fracture.

 

intergranular stress-corrosion cracking (IGSCC).

Stress-corrosion cracking in which the cracking occurs along grain boundaries.

 

intermediate electrode.

Same as bipolar electrode.

 

internal oxidation.

The formation of isolated particles of corrosion products beneath the metal surface. This occurs as the result of preferential oxidation of certain alloy constituents by inward diffusion of oxygen, nitrogen, sulfur, and so forth.

 

intumescence.

The swelling or bubbling of a coating usually because of heating (term currently used in space and fire protection applications).

 

ion.

An atom, or group of atoms, that has gained or lost one or more outer electrons and thus carries an electric charge. Positive ions, or cations, are deficient in outer electrons. Negative ions, or anions, have an excess of outer electrons.

 

Ion Erosion

Deterioration of material caused by ion impact.

 

ion exchange.

The reversible interchange of ions between a liquid and solid, with no substantial structural changes in the solid.

 

iron rot.

Deterioration of wood in contact with iron-based alloys.

 

isocorrosion diagram.

A graph or chart that shows constant corrosion behavior with changing solution (environment) composition and temperature.

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K_ISCC.

Abbreviation for the critical value of the plane strain stress-intensity factor that will produce crack propagation by stress-corrosion cracking of a given material in a given environment.

 

knife-line attack.

Intergranular corrosion of an alloy, usually stabilized stainless steel, along a line adjoining or in contact with a weld after heating into the sensitization temperature range.

 

kraft process.

A wood-pulping process in which sodium sulfate is used in the caustic soda pulp-digestion liquor. Also called kraft pulping or sulfate pulping.

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